{"id":19561,"date":"2024-03-18T19:43:35","date_gmt":"2024-03-18T17:43:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/?post_type=plant-pest&#038;p=19561"},"modified":"2024-03-24T19:30:05","modified_gmt":"2024-03-24T17:30:05","slug":"rust-puccinia","status":"publish","type":"plant-disease","link":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/enciklopedija\/plant-disease\/rudys-puccinia\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u016bdys <i>(Puccinia spp.)<\/i>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u012evairi\u0173 grybeli\u0173 sukeliamos r\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 ligos, \u012fskaitant <em>Puccinia<\/em>, <em>Uromyces<\/em>ir kiti, daro didel\u012f poveik\u012f \u012fvairiems augalams, \u012fskaitant \u017eolynus, javus, serbentus ir \u0161paragus. \u0160ios ligos pasirei\u0161kia r\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 spalvos p\u016bslel\u0117mis ant augal\u0173 ir gali sukelti didel\u0119 \u017eal\u0105 bei derliaus nuostolius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stieb\u0173 r\u016bdys<em> (Puccinia graminis)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Paveikti augalai:<\/strong> Pirmiausia pa\u017eeid\u017eia gr\u016bdines kult\u016bras, pavyzd\u017eiui, kvie\u010dius ir mie\u017eius.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptomai:<\/strong> Ant stieb\u0173 ir lap\u0173 susidaro dideli\u0173, rausvai rud\u0173 p\u016blinuk\u0173.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vadybos patarimai:<\/strong> Svarbiausia naudoti atsparias augal\u0173 veisles. S\u0117jomaina ir savalaikis fungicid\u0173 naudojimas taip pat gali pad\u0117ti suvaldyti ligos protr\u016bkius.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Paprastosios kukur\u016bz\u0173 r\u016bdys<em> (Puccinia sorghi)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Paveikti augalai:<\/strong> Tiksliniai kukur\u016bzai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptomai:<\/strong> Ant kukur\u016bz\u0173 lap\u0173 susidaro nuo rusv\u0173 iki rausv\u0173 p\u016bsleli\u0173.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vadybos patarimai:<\/strong> Jei yra, sodinkite atsparias veisles ir prireikus naudokite fungicidus. Geresn\u0117 lauko sanitarija ir s\u0117jomaina gali suma\u017einti spor\u0173 gyvybingum\u0105.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kvie\u010di\u0173 lap\u0173 r\u016bdys<em> (Puccinia triticina)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Paveikti augalai:<\/strong> Kvie\u010diai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptomai:<\/strong> Ant lap\u0173 yra ma\u017e\u0173, oran\u017ei\u0161kai raudon\u0173 spuogeli\u0173.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vadybos patarimai:<\/strong> \u0160i\u0105 lig\u0105 galima kontroliuoti s\u0117jant atsparias kvie\u010di\u0173 veisles, taikant s\u0117jomain\u0105 ir fungicidus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Avi\u017e\u0173 kar\u016bnos r\u016bdys<em> (Puccinia coronata)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Paveikti augalai:<\/strong> Avi\u017eos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptomai:<\/strong> Ant lap\u0173 ir stieb\u0173 susidaro oran\u017ein\u0117s d\u0117mel\u0117s.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vadybos patarimai:<\/strong> Atspari\u0173 avi\u017e\u0173 veisli\u0173 naudojimas, s\u0117jomaina ir fungicid\u0173 naudojimas yra veiksmingos valdymo strategijos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Geltonos r\u016bdys<em> (Puccinia striiformis)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Paveikti augalai:<\/strong> Kvie\u010diai, mie\u017eiai ir kiti gr\u016bdai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptomai:<\/strong> Gelsvos arba oran\u017ein\u0117s p\u016bslel\u0117s ant lap\u0173.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vadybos patarimai:<\/strong> Auginant atsparias veisles, naudojant fungicidus ankstyvuoju ligos ciklo etapu ir naikinant savaiminius augalus galima suma\u017einti ligos poveik\u012f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Serbent\u0173 r\u016bdys<em> (Puccinia ribesii-var. grossulariae)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Paveikti augalai: <\/strong>serbentai ir agrastai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptomai:<\/strong> Ry\u0161kiai oran\u017einiai ar geltoni p\u016blinukai ant apatin\u0117s lap\u0173 pus\u0117s, d\u0117l kuri\u0173 gali nukristi lapai ir suma\u017e\u0117ti augalo gyvybingumas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vadybos patarimai:<\/strong> Norint u\u017ekirsti keli\u0105, labai svarbu sodinti atsparias serbent\u0173 ir agrast\u0173 veisles. Reguliarus steb\u0117jimas ir u\u017ekr\u0117st\u0173 lap\u0173 ar augal\u0173 \u0161alinimas padeda suma\u017einti ligos plitim\u0105. U\u017etikrinkite tinkam\u0105 atstum\u0105 tarp augal\u0173 ir gen\u0117jim\u0105, kad pagerintum\u0117te oro cirkuliacij\u0105 ir suma\u017eintum\u0117te dr\u0117gm\u0119 aplink augalus. Esant dideliam u\u017ekr\u0117timui arba kaip prevencin\u0117 priemon\u0117 dr\u0117gnuoju met\u0173 laiku gali prireikti naudoti fungicidus pagal vietos rekomendacijas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0160parag\u0173 r\u016bdys <em>(Puccinia asparagi)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Paveikti augalai:<\/strong> \u0160paragai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptomai: <\/strong>I\u0161 prad\u017ei\u0173 ant \u016bgli\u0173 ir lap\u0173 atsiranda ma\u017e\u0173 gelton\u0173 d\u0117meli\u0173, kurios pereina \u012f oran\u017ei\u0161kai geltonas ar rusvas r\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 p\u016bsleles, kurios gali sukelti defoliacij\u0105 ir suma\u017einti gyvybingum\u0105.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vadybos patarimai: <\/strong>Sodinkite atsparias \u0161parag\u0173 veisles ir laikykit\u0117s geros sanitarijos reikalavim\u0173, \u0161alindami infekuotas liekanas. U\u017etikrinkite tinkam\u0105 atstum\u0105, kad oras cirkuliuot\u0173, ir naudokite la\u0161elin\u012f laistym\u0105, kad lapai b\u016bt\u0173 sausi. Naudokite fungicidus pagal vietos rekomendacijas, ypa\u010d esant dr\u0117gnoms s\u0105lygoms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dirvonini\u0173 \u017eoli\u0173 r\u016bdys<em> (\u012evairios Puccinia spp.)<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Paveikti augalai: <\/strong>Paplit\u0119s daugiame\u010diuose erai\u010dinuose, Kentukio m\u0117lynuosiuose \u017eolynuose ir auk\u0161tuosiuose erai\u010dinuose.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptomai: <\/strong>Geltonos d\u0117m\u0117s ant a\u0161men\u0173 virsta rausvai rudomis arba oran\u017ein\u0117mis p\u016bslel\u0117mis. U\u017ekr\u0117sta vel\u0117na gali i\u0161ret\u0117ti ir susilpn\u0117ti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vadybos patarimai:<\/strong> U\u017etikrinkite optimali\u0105 vejos b\u016bkl\u0119 tinkamai tr\u0119\u0161dami, pjaudami ir dr\u0117kindami. Jei \u012fmanoma, naudokite r\u016bdims atsparias \u017eoli\u0173 veisles. Venkite perteklinio laistymo ir laistykite anksti, kad lapai sp\u0117t\u0173 i\u0161d\u017ei\u016bti. Sunkiais atvejais naudokite fungicidus, laikydamiesi vietos rekomendacij\u0173.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bendrieji \u012fvairi\u0173 tip\u0173 Puccinia valdymo principai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Atsparios veisl\u0117s:<\/strong> Visada teikite pirmenyb\u0119 augal\u0173 veisl\u0117ms, kurios yra geneti\u0161kai atsparios konkre\u010dioms r\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 ligoms. Augal\u0173 selekcijos programose nuolat kuriamos atsparesn\u0117s veisl\u0117s.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kult\u016brin\u0117 praktika:<\/strong> Gera kult\u016brin\u0117 praktika, pavyzd\u017eiui, optimalus sodinimo tankumas, tinkami dr\u0117kinimo b\u016bdai ir tinkamas tr\u0119\u0161imas, gali gerokai suma\u017einti lig\u0173 paplitim\u0105.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sanitarija:<\/strong> Sezono pabaigoje pa\u0161alinkite ir sunaikinkite u\u017ekr\u0117stas augal\u0173 liekanas, kad suma\u017eintum\u0117te spor\u0173 \u0161altin\u012f kit\u0173 met\u0173 derliui.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fungicidai:<\/strong> Jei reikia, naudokite fungicidus pagal konkre\u010di\u0105 r\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 lig\u0105 ir pas\u0117li\u0173 tip\u0105. Visada laikykit\u0117s vietini\u0173 gairi\u0173 ir taisykli\u0173 d\u0117l fungicid\u0173 naudojimo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Steb\u0117sena:<\/strong> Reguliarus augal\u0173 steb\u0117jimas, ar n\u0117ra ankstyv\u0173j\u0173 r\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 infekcijos po\u017eymi\u0173, gali pad\u0117ti taikyti kontrol\u0117s priemones, kol liga dar nei\u0161plito.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Biokontrol\u0117s metodai:<\/strong> I\u0161nagrin\u0117kite biokontrol\u0117s galimybes, jei \u012fmanoma. \u017dinoma, kad tam tikri grybai ir bakterijos yra r\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 suk\u0117l\u0117j\u0173 prie\u0161ininkai ir gali b\u016bti naudojami kaip integruotos kenk\u0117j\u0173 kontrol\u0117s (IPM) strategijos dalis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplinkosaugos valdymas:<\/strong> Kadangi r\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 grybai ve\u0161i specifin\u0117mis aplinkos s\u0105lygomis, pakeitus mikroklimat\u0105 aplink jautrius augalus galima suma\u017einti ligos intensyvum\u0105. Tai apima laistym\u0105 rytais, kad lapai per dien\u0105 i\u0161d\u017ei\u016bt\u0173, ir oro cirkuliacijos tarp augal\u0173 gerinim\u0105.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Kovojant su r\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 ligomis labai svarbu suprasti konkret\u0173 j\u016bs\u0173 augalus pa\u017eeid\u017eian\u010dio r\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 grybo gyvenimo cikl\u0105 ir pom\u0117gius. Taikant integruot\u0105 lig\u0173 valdymo praktik\u0105, apiman\u010di\u0105 kult\u016brinius, biologinius ir cheminius metodus, galima gerokai suma\u017einti r\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 lig\u0173 poveik\u012f ir u\u017etikrinti pa\u017eeist\u0173 augal\u0173 sveikat\u0105 bei produktyvum\u0105.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":19562,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-19561","plant-disease","type-plant-disease","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"meta_box":{"perenual_id":"6","common_name":"Rust","scientific_name":"Puccinia spp.","other_name":"","family":"","host":"all lawn grasses, various flowers","images":[{"width":200,"height":200,"file":"2024\/03\/13034698824_0940102091_b.jpg","filesize":85899,"sizes":{"medium":{"file":"13034698824_0940102091_b-450x600.jpg","width":450,"height":600,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":45640,"url":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/13034698824_0940102091_b-450x600.jpg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"13034698824_0940102091_b-200x200.jpg","width":200,"height":200,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":10349,"url":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/13034698824_0940102091_b-200x200.jpg"},"trp-custom-language-flag":{"file":"13034698824_0940102091_b-9x12.jpg","width":9,"height":12,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":378,"url":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/13034698824_0940102091_b-9x12.jpg"}},"image_meta":{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0","keywords":[]},"ID":"19743","name":"13034698824_0940102091_b.jpg","path":"\/home\/u911523350\/domains\/apieaugalus.lt\/public_html\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/13034698824_0940102091_b.jpg","url":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/13034698824_0940102091_b-200x200.jpg","full_url":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/13034698824_0940102091_b.jpg","title":"Rust (Public Domain Dedication (CC0))","caption":"","description":"","alt":"","srcset":false},{"width":200,"height":200,"file":"2024\/03\/9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b.jpg","filesize":121170,"sizes":{"medium":{"file":"9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b-600x400.jpg","width":600,"height":400,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":59079,"url":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b-600x400.jpg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b-200x200.jpg","width":200,"height":200,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":12798,"url":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b-200x200.jpg"},"medium_large":{"file":"9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b-768x512.jpg","width":768,"height":512,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":87600,"url":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b-768x512.jpg"},"trp-custom-language-flag":{"file":"9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b-18x12.jpg","width":18,"height":12,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":425,"url":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b-18x12.jpg"}},"image_meta":{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0","keywords":[]},"ID":"19796","name":"9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b.jpg","path":"\/home\/u911523350\/domains\/apieaugalus.lt\/public_html\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b.jpg","url":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b-200x200.jpg","full_url":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/9685492848_33a85eb8a3_b.jpg","title":"Rust (Attribution-ShareAlike License)","caption":"","description":"","alt":"","srcset":false}],"ikmis_sritis":"Lauko augal\u0173 kenk\u0117jai","ikmis_grupe":"\u012evair\u016bs (merged)"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/enciklopedija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/plant-disease\/19561","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/enciklopedija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/plant-disease"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/enciklopedija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/plant-disease"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/enciklopedija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/plant-disease\/19561\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19948,"href":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/enciklopedija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/plant-disease\/19561\/revisions\/19948"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/enciklopedija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19562"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apieaugalus.lt\/enciklopedija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19561"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}